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فـــایــــل نـــیــکــــو
www.fileniko.com
نرم افزار،بازی،فیلم،سریال و مستند
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In the Milky Way galaxy,
circling a star called the Sun ...
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is a small planet inhabited
by intelligent life.
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Earthlings have always been
curious creatures.
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Even as we discovered our own world,
we dreamed of exploring others.
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Perhaps other beings inhabit
planets around distant stars.
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If they are sending signals ...
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we could detect them with this
powerful radio telescope ...
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and maybe send a signal
back across the cosmos.
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But might we ourselves
leave our home on Earth ...
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to explore new worlds?
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We have already taken the first
small steps outside our planet.
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We designed this shuttlecraft to
carry people and cargo up into orbit.
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Here, far above the
Earth's atmosphere ...
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we're learning how to
live and work in space.
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You've got a go to
maneuver the orbiter.
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It's doing nose sweep, going
towards the starboard side.
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The exterior shows just a little
of the expected wear and tear ...
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of many trips back and forth.
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The shuttle is equipped
with a robotic arm ...
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to move large payloads
ferried up from Earth.
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Houston, do we have
a go for maneuver?
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It has lifted from the cargo bay ...
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a spacecraft which carries
a German telescope named ORFEUS ...
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and a remotely operated
IMAX camera.
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Through its lens, we are
seeing as never before ...
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the exterior of the shuttle
as it orbits the Earth.
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Discovery, Houston.
You have a go for release.
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Copy that.
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Now the ORFEUS telescope
has been released into orbit.
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We are riding with it,
floating free in space.
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Beneath us the shuttle pulls
away, its cargo bay empty.
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ORFEUS will spend several days ...
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observing the hottest and
coldest gases in our galaxy.
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Then the shuttle will
take it back to Earth.
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Over three decades, we've learned how
to travel back and forth to space ...
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and live in low Earth orbit.
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Now that we have taken these
first steps, are we ready ...
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to cross the great black void to explore
the other worlds in our solar system?
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The journey will be hundreds of times
farther than any we have ever undertaken.
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First, we need to understand
how we adapt to weightlessness.
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The nine hours of work
scheduled for the blue shift ...
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one and a half hour for green.
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Connected by tunnel to the crew cabin,
a laboratory known as Spacelab ...
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is carried in the cargo bay
on certain flights.
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Inside it, scientists are
performing experiments ...
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developed by 13 different countries.
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Two medical doctors, Norm Thagard
and Roberta Bondar, a Canadian ...
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are studying how our
sensory systems behave ...
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when introduced to microgravity.
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More than half the astronauts
experience space motion sickness ...
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the first day or two.
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We're getting one
last calibration, Dave.
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German payload specialist Ulf Merbold
is conducting an experiment ...
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to find out more
about how it happens.
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I've got vection.
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The subject sees one thing,
but he feels another.
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His brain is confused by
these conflicting messages ...
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and he becomes disoriented.
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Is the spacecraft rotating ...
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or are we?
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While Roberta spins, a tiny
camera inside her helmet ...
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is recording the movements of her
eye as it reacts to the motion.
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Data are collected at mid-flight,
then again near its end.
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When the results are compared ...
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it becomes clear that the more
time people spend in space ...
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the more they rely on the visual
sense alone for orientation.
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But these results tell us only about
how we adapt in the short term.
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Spores three goes to centrifuge 204.
Make sure it says spore 31G.
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Spores ― Which one?
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To find out how we're
affected by longer stays ...
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people must live continuously
in a space station.
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There, we could learn how to maintain
a closed life-support system ...
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for months or years at a time.
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One more. Interesting.
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Recycling is a must.
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Future astronauts will be
accomplished gardeners.
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They will tend
small farms in space ...
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like this hydroponic garden
at the Kennedy Space Center ...
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that uses recycled water
and oxygen to grow food.
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The plants must be kept
free of contamination.
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Halfway to another planet,
a crop failure would be a disaster.
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A hundred and eighty reps left.
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Keeping fit is another challenge.
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With no body weight to support,
our muscles get weaker.
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Bones become brittle.
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The longer we stay,
the worse the problems become.
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Hey, Bobby! Come on up here.
We're going by Canada.
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People traveling to other planets ...
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will spend years living
in a very confined space.
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What kinds of emotional
stress will we face?
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Will we get homesick, so far
from everything we know ...
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isolated from family and friends
and the familiar comforts of home?
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There she is, John.
Don't run into our home.
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Our first journeys to another
world were to our nearby Moon.
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Tranquility Base, Houston.
You are cleared for takeoff.
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But those round trips
took barely a week.
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Today, on the Mir station ...
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Russian cosmonauts live
in space for many months.
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From time to time, new crews arrive
from Earth in the Soyuz craft.
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Now, after almost a year in orbit ...
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the cosmonauts will
return home in Soyuz.
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And even though they've spent up
to six hours exercising each day ...
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when re-exposed to Earth's gravity,
they are temporarily unable to stand up.
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Imagine arriving on an alien
planet in this condition.
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But what if we could produce
an artificial gravity ...
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as we travel to our destination?
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In 1968, Stanley Kubrick's
classic film ...
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2001: A Space Odyssey ...
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featured spaceship designs
which would allow us to do this.
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As the ship spins around,
anyone inside ...
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feels an outward, or centrifugal,
force that acts like gravity.
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In another design, parts of the
ship spin around a stationary hub.
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But the rotation of
a small spacecraft ...
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could make the occupants
disoriented or sick.
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We could avoid this ...
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if we built a spacecraft large
enough and with a slower spin.
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But it would have to be about as
long as the Golden Gate Bridge.
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How could we build such
a large ship in space?
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To get to Mars, for instance ...
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we might design a spacecraft
with two modules ...
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one attached to each end of
a very long cable, or tether.
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Once underway, the tether would be
extended to separate the two modules.
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The whole assembly, rotating
about once per minute ...
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could provide the
synthetic gravity needed.
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But until recently, tethers
were merely an elegant idea.
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The concept would have to be tested.
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So far we have good
satellite stability.
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So an experiment was flown
on the space shuttle.
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An Italian satellite was deployed
on a very long tether.
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The crew was then to retrieve it.
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Let's do it like we simmed it.
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You're gonna keep the tether
under control, right? Okay.
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At first, the tether behaved
exactly as predicted.
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- You don't want to yank on the
satellite. │- You've got good tension.
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And the Rdot is just oscillating
a little bit, but it's based at zero.
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- Slack tether.
- Wait a minute.
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But then the reel jammed
and the tether went slack.
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Houston, we have slack tether.
Ldot has stopped.
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By firing jets on both the
orbiter and the satellite ...
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the crew learned that they
could tighten it once again ...
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showing that we can
control tethers in space.
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Tether's under control.
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Unexpected snags
are bound to arise.
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But we learn from them
and keep moving forward.
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To build more reliable spacecraft,
we need light but tough materials.
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To test them, in 1984
we launched a satellite ...
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with dozens of materials
attached to its surface ...
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exposing them to the
wear and tear of space.
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Columbia, Houston.
We have a tally-ho on LDEF.
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We left it in orbit for six years,
long enough for an interplanetary trip.
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Ready to go get it?
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Then the shuttle retrieved it
and took it back to Earth.
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We found a wealth of information
embedded in these panels.
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Splatters.
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As the microscopes reveal ...
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the vacuum of space
is anything but empty.
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This pattern, I don't
know what this is.
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A continuous bombardment
of micrometeorites ...
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pitted the surfaces with craters.
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But the most serious hazard
in space is radiation.
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As the shuttle hangs suspended
above the Earth's horizon ...
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we see only the lights of
its cargo bay in the darkness.
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But we can't see the harmful cosmic
radiation that is everywhere here.
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High-energy charged particles ...
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are streaming out from
the Sun and other stars.
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On Earth, we are protected
by the atmosphere ...
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and the surrounding
magnetic field.
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In space, the radiation can
penetrate the walls of our craft.
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A Japanese x-ray satellite reveals
vast clouds of radiation ...
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erupting from the Sun.
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On interplanetary trips ...
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we'll have to retreat to
heavily shielded onboard shelters ...
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whenever solar storms are sighted.
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Most of the planets are too
hostile for people to visit.
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But that doesn't stop us
from exploring them.
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Okay, understand. We have a go
for deploy, so we're starting out.
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Five, four, three ...
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two, one, mark.
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- Do we have motion?
- I see motion.
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It's stable? It's clear of the ASE.
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Where humans cannot safely go ...
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we send remotely controlled
robot explorers.
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Commanding them from Earth ...
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we use their electronic eyes and sensors
to explore the alien landscape.
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In 1989, the Galileo spacecraft ...
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began a five-year journey to Jupiter ...
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the largest planet
in our solar system.
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Galileo just kind of dissolves
out into nothingness ...
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as it goes into the
darkness of space.
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And that's the last we saw of it.
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Early images of Jupiter were
sent back to Earth in 1979 ...
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by two robot probes named Voyager.
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00:16:25,205 --> 00:16:29,875
This was our first opportunity
to marvel at its Great Red Spot ...
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three times the size of Earth.
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The molecular building
blocks for life ...
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may be swirling within Jupiter's
turbulent atmosphere.
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If Galileo's probe confirms this ...
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00:16:44,474 --> 00:16:49,478
we should gain new insights
into the origins of life.
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00:16:55,568 --> 00:17:01,031
Though it is our nearest planetary
neighbor, Venus was always a mystery.
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Thick cloud layers blocked
our view of its surface.
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00:17:06,454 --> 00:17:11,041
Then we sent a spacecraft
named Magellan to orbit the planet.
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Its radar eyes could see
through the clouds.
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Magellan collected so much data ...
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that we can now explore the surface
as if we were actually there.
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We begin 60,000 feet up.
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To help scientists
recognize its features ...
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00:17:36,776 --> 00:17:42,114
a computer has exaggerated the
height of the terrain 10 times.
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00:17:47,078 --> 00:17:50,038
Perhaps these pancake domes ...
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were caused by lava pushing through
weak spots in the surface.
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These craters, some the
size of Connecticut ...
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were made by collisions
with comets and asteroids.
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00:18:24,532 --> 00:18:30,245
On Earth, ancient craters like these
have been eroded by wind and water.
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00:18:31,122 --> 00:18:35,000
But there is little
wind and no water here.
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00:18:35,251 --> 00:18:39,755
Venus swelters beneath a thick
atmosphere of carbon dioxide ...
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00:18:39,923 --> 00:18:42,257
which acts like a greenhouse:
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It allows sunlight to filter in,
but then traps the heat inside.
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00:18:48,890 --> 00:18:53,811
The surface temperature
is hot enough to melt lead.
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In the distance, the great
Gula Mons volcano.
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We are now soaring more than
250,000 feet above the surface.
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The long, smooth strips
that now and then cross our path ...
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00:19:35,103 --> 00:19:40,440
are small portions of the surface
that Magellan's radar did not scan.
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00:19:58,084 --> 00:20:03,046
The Magellan craft has shown us the
fantastic surface of an alien planet ...
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00:20:03,214 --> 00:20:06,717
where no human could
ever hope to land.
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00:20:07,844 --> 00:20:13,473
But there is another world in our
solar system that people can visit.
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00:20:19,814 --> 00:20:23,984
Future generations of explorers
will walk upon Mars.
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Do you know what that is?
228
00:20:25,486 --> 00:20:28,989
To prepare the way for them,
we could send a robot like this ...
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00:20:29,157 --> 00:20:31,909
to scout a landing site.
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00:20:33,494 --> 00:20:38,540
We might dispatch a whole flock of
these helpers to explore the terrain.
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00:20:41,002 --> 00:20:44,463
Unlike us, they are almost
immune to radiation ...
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00:20:44,631 --> 00:20:47,174
and need no air or water.
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00:20:47,342 --> 00:20:50,010
And they never get homesick.
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00:20:52,430 --> 00:20:55,015
Robots like this
Russian Mars rover ...
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00:20:55,183 --> 00:20:57,851
being tested in
Death Valley, California ...
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00:20:58,019 --> 00:21:01,063
have already been programmed
for difficult tasks ...
237
00:21:01,230 --> 00:21:04,358
like negotiating rugged terrain.
238
00:21:05,610 --> 00:21:10,322
More elaborate versions could
help us construct a Mars base.
239
00:21:11,991 --> 00:21:15,202
But operating them
will be a challenge.
240
00:21:15,370 --> 00:21:17,871
At the speed of light,
a single command ...
241
00:21:18,039 --> 00:21:23,710
takes up to 20 minutes to
travel from Earth to Mars.
242
00:21:30,760 --> 00:21:35,263
If there is or ever has been life
somewhere else in the solar system ...
243
00:21:35,431 --> 00:21:38,600
Mars is a good place
to look for traces.
244
00:21:38,768 --> 00:21:43,021
A great rift valley splits
open the Martian plain.
245
00:21:43,189 --> 00:21:46,191
It is as long as the
entire United States.
246
00:21:55,952 --> 00:21:58,829
We are now descending
from 40,000 feet ...
247
00:21:58,997 --> 00:22:03,250
into a part of the valley
known as Candor Chasma.
248
00:22:03,751 --> 00:22:08,839
It is five times deeper than
the Earth's Grand Canyon.
249
00:22:09,173 --> 00:22:13,093
The height of the terrain
has not been exaggerated.
250
00:22:13,261 --> 00:22:16,388
This is how it really looks.
251
00:22:23,229 --> 00:22:28,108
Life as we know it must
have liquid water to develop.
252
00:22:29,110 --> 00:22:33,613
Water may have flowed
through these canyons long ago.
253
00:22:33,948 --> 00:22:36,742
Perhaps it nourished life.
254
00:22:46,502 --> 00:22:51,298
Fossil life forms may lie exposed
on the floor of these canyons.
255
00:22:51,466 --> 00:22:54,801
If we find any, it would
be our first proof ...
256
00:22:54,969 --> 00:22:58,388
that life has existed beyond Earth.
257
00:23:02,894 --> 00:23:07,064
It would mean that life
probably is abundant in our galaxy ...
258
00:23:07,231 --> 00:23:11,860
and awaiting discovery
in the universe beyond.
259
00:23:17,784 --> 00:23:21,495
Today, Mars is a frozen world.
260
00:23:21,662 --> 00:23:26,333
The average temperature here is
lower than at the Earth's South Pole.
261
00:23:26,501 --> 00:23:30,045
But long ago, when water
may have flowed here ...
262
00:23:30,213 --> 00:23:32,672
it must have been warmer.
263
00:23:34,926 --> 00:23:38,470
We don't know
why Mars turned so cold ...
264
00:23:38,638 --> 00:23:42,891
but perhaps it could be made
to change once again.
265
00:23:43,059 --> 00:23:47,020
Could future generations
somehow transform Mars ...
266
00:23:47,188 --> 00:23:51,024
into an Earth-like world
where people could live?
267
00:23:55,571 --> 00:23:59,574
To do it, we might imagine some-
how raising the temperature ...
268
00:23:59,742 --> 00:24:04,162
to build up the atmosphere
and melt the ice caps.
269
00:24:06,582 --> 00:24:10,043
This would create
lakes and rivers.
270
00:24:12,213 --> 00:24:17,634
Then we could introduce plants
to fill the air with oxygen.
271
00:24:19,220 --> 00:24:22,973
Animals and people
could now breathe the air.
272
00:24:23,141 --> 00:24:27,394
A new world might be ready
for us to colonize.
273
00:24:29,605 --> 00:24:33,066
What would life be like on Mars?
274
00:24:35,236 --> 00:24:39,072
Perhaps we could
build farms and cities.
275
00:24:42,577 --> 00:24:47,122
Or perhaps we will leave
Mars as we found it.
276
00:24:52,253 --> 00:24:56,423
Those decisions will be
made by our descendants.
277
00:24:56,632 --> 00:25:02,095
If terraforming is even possible,
it would take thousands of years.
278
00:25:03,055 --> 00:25:05,932
By then, we may have
left our solar system ...
279
00:25:06,100 --> 00:25:09,186
to explore the stars beyond.
280
00:25:11,772 --> 00:25:16,735
Though it would take about 100,000 years
to reach them with present technology ...
281
00:25:16,903 --> 00:25:20,906
future generations
may travel faster.
282
00:25:22,116 --> 00:25:28,121
For the present, we must use
telescopes to explore the stars.
283
00:25:30,625 --> 00:25:33,835
Now, we are about to
launch into space ...
284
00:25:34,003 --> 00:25:38,256
an instrument that will allow us to look
to the farthest reaches of the universe ...
285
00:25:38,424 --> 00:25:42,177
and back in time almost to its birth.
286
00:25:42,345 --> 00:25:43,720
One more foot.
287
00:25:43,888 --> 00:25:46,806
This is the Hubble Space Telescope.
288
00:25:46,974 --> 00:25:48,475
Keep coming.
289
00:25:48,643 --> 00:25:51,811
Once in orbit above the
shimmer of Earth's atmosphere ...
290
00:25:51,979 --> 00:25:56,233
it will see 10 times farther
than telescopes on the ground.
291
00:25:56,400 --> 00:25:58,276
And down.
292
00:25:59,987 --> 00:26:04,658
Astronauts Kathy Sullivan,
Loren Shriver and Bruce McCandless ...
293
00:26:04,825 --> 00:26:08,536
have come here to the Lockheed
Vehicle Assembly facility ...
294
00:26:08,704 --> 00:26:10,205
for a final inspection.
295
00:26:10,373 --> 00:26:13,959
That's the socket in the MLI
that you put the pre-load tool in ...
296
00:26:14,126 --> 00:26:15,794
once you've got the door open ...
297
00:26:15,962 --> 00:26:19,631
and just crank it over center
so it'll stay open.
298
00:26:27,431 --> 00:26:30,308
Hello, hello, hello. Howdy.
299
00:26:30,726 --> 00:26:31,768
Morning.
300
00:26:31,936 --> 00:26:35,814
Family and friends gather for the
launch at the Kennedy Space Center.
301
00:26:36,857 --> 00:26:39,526
Among them is Dr. Lyman Spitzer ...
302
00:26:39,735 --> 00:26:44,489
who first proposed the idea
for a space telescope in 1946.
303
00:26:44,657 --> 00:26:47,993
This is a tremendous
milestone today for me.
304
00:26:48,202 --> 00:26:50,161
Very exciting, very exciting.
305
00:26:50,329 --> 00:26:55,750
I suggested a telescope of this general
nature would be very helpful to astronomy.
306
00:26:55,918 --> 00:26:59,671
And the idea finally took
hold among astronomers ...
307
00:26:59,839 --> 00:27:04,259
and then among other people
and finally, even in Congress.
308
00:27:04,427 --> 00:27:05,969
And off it goes.
309
00:27:06,929 --> 00:27:12,267
T-minus 10, go for main engine start.
We are go for main engine start.
310
00:27:12,476 --> 00:27:16,980
Five, four, three, two, one ....
311
00:27:17,189 --> 00:27:20,275
And lift-off of the
space shuttle Discovery.
312
00:27:49,430 --> 00:27:51,264
Once Hubble is deployed ...
313
00:27:51,432 --> 00:27:54,434
astronomers on the ground
will be able to direct its eye ...
314
00:27:54,602 --> 00:27:58,646
to any region of the universe
they wish to observe.
315
00:27:59,648 --> 00:28:03,943
- Give you a payload ID of one.
- Discovery, we'd like you to go free drift.
316
00:28:04,111 --> 00:28:09,866
While pilot Charlie Bolden, on the left,
maintains the shuttle's precise position ...
317
00:28:10,034 --> 00:28:13,995
astronomer Steve Hawley
prepares to perform the deployment.
318
00:28:14,705 --> 00:28:17,374
Discovery, go for Hubble release.
319
00:28:18,626 --> 00:28:21,461
Hawley releases the telescope.
320
00:28:23,130 --> 00:28:26,466
Then, very slowly and carefully ...
321
00:28:26,717 --> 00:28:28,635
retracts the arm.
322
00:28:37,436 --> 00:28:42,107
The sky and sea of Earth,
reflected in its door ...
323
00:28:42,274 --> 00:28:44,609
the Hubble Space Telescope ...
324
00:28:44,777 --> 00:28:49,656
the creation of 10,000 people,
is launched at last.
325
00:28:50,658 --> 00:28:55,995
It will remain here for many years,
sending images back to Earth.
326
00:28:56,747 --> 00:29:00,583
Shuttle crews will visit Hubble
on regular service calls ...
327
00:29:00,793 --> 00:29:04,295
to replace and upgrade its parts.
328
00:29:11,429 --> 00:29:13,096
Yeah, it looks good.
329
00:29:13,264 --> 00:29:16,558
I don't see any
motion at all in there.
330
00:29:16,767 --> 00:29:18,518
Hubble is open for business.
331
00:29:18,686 --> 00:29:22,689
I wish you guys had been here to see
it, because you'll never believe it.
332
00:29:22,857 --> 00:29:25,024
Well, superb is an understatement.
333
00:29:25,192 --> 00:29:28,278
Residuals were at .02 and .01.
334
00:29:28,446 --> 00:29:31,739
The telescope would reveal
objects in detail ...
335
00:29:31,907 --> 00:29:34,659
never before seen.
336
00:29:38,706 --> 00:29:40,790
But there was a problem:
337
00:29:40,958 --> 00:29:46,087
A flaw was found in the shape
of the telescope's primary mirror.
338
00:29:48,048 --> 00:29:51,050
A repair would be necessary.
339
00:29:51,469 --> 00:29:53,761
As part of the
regular service call ...
340
00:29:53,929 --> 00:29:58,224
another crew would make
the repairs three years later.
341
00:30:01,937 --> 00:30:03,354
Endeavour, you've got
a go for capture.
342
00:30:03,522 --> 00:30:07,692
First, the crew would have
to recapture the telescope.
343
00:30:07,860 --> 00:30:12,906
Houston, Endeavour, the right-hand
solar array, as we can see it, is ....
344
00:30:13,073 --> 00:30:17,911
One side of it is bent way over,
so clearly we have a dynamic situation.
345
00:30:18,078 --> 00:30:20,872
There's a problem with one
of the solar panels ...
346
00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:24,167
that provide electrical
power to the telescope.
347
00:30:24,335 --> 00:30:29,297
Looks like the outer bi-stem
has a kink in it and is twisted ...
348
00:30:29,465 --> 00:30:33,801
90-plus degrees clockwise
there at the kink.
349
00:30:33,969 --> 00:30:37,096
Once the telescope is
secured in the cargo bay ...
350
00:30:37,264 --> 00:30:41,601
the astronauts will move outside
for a closer inspection.
351
00:30:42,311 --> 00:30:46,439
So begins the most ambitious
and difficult service mission ...
352
00:30:46,607 --> 00:30:48,358
ever attempted.
353
00:30:50,444 --> 00:30:54,447
Payload commander Story Musgrave
and astronomer Jeff Hoffman ...
354
00:30:54,615 --> 00:30:57,033
are both veteran spacewalkers.
355
00:30:57,201 --> 00:30:59,702
Story is not built
like the rest of us.
356
00:30:59,870 --> 00:31:03,873
Most of us just float under the hut,
and Story has to screw himself in.
357
00:31:04,041 --> 00:31:09,504
If you're a person that gets claustrophobia,
this is not the business you wanna get into.
358
00:31:09,672 --> 00:31:12,924
They'll depressurize
here in the airlock ...
359
00:31:13,092 --> 00:31:14,300
then go to work.
360
00:31:16,720 --> 00:31:20,014
It had been planned that the
crew replace the solar panels ...
361
00:31:20,182 --> 00:31:22,350
as part of the regular service.
362
00:31:22,518 --> 00:31:27,689
But now, the twisted panel cannot
be safely stowed in the cargo bay.
363
00:31:27,856 --> 00:31:30,775
They have no choice but
to throw it overboard.
364
00:31:30,943 --> 00:31:34,153
Mission Specialist
Kathy Thornton will do it.
365
00:31:34,321 --> 00:31:38,533
- Okay, they say you've got a
go for release. │- Okay, no hands.
366
00:31:43,998 --> 00:31:48,585
Such a large object floating in space
can pose a hazard to other spacecraft.
367
00:31:49,169 --> 00:31:51,504
So bursts from the
shuttle jets are fired ...
368
00:31:51,672 --> 00:31:54,382
directly at the solar panel
to make it spin.
369
00:31:59,179 --> 00:32:02,682
The motion will speed up its descent
to the Earth's atmosphere ...
370
00:32:02,850 --> 00:32:05,101
where it will burn up.
371
00:32:07,938 --> 00:32:09,689
There it goes.
372
00:32:16,947 --> 00:32:19,866
Almost like a bird. Look at it.
373
00:32:21,160 --> 00:32:22,368
It's quite a sight.
374
00:32:22,536 --> 00:32:25,663
Now, work on the
telescope can resume.
375
00:32:25,831 --> 00:32:31,210
Okay, coming straight on up.
Looking real good. I'm gonna let go.
376
00:32:31,378 --> 00:32:33,713
Okay, take me away.
377
00:32:34,131 --> 00:32:36,758
Just come right up easy,
just like you're doing.
378
00:32:36,925 --> 00:32:39,719
Bring the forward up a little more.
379
00:32:40,679 --> 00:32:44,432
It's difficult to maneuver bodies
and equipment unassisted.
380
00:32:46,977 --> 00:32:50,063
The repair of the telescope
would be almost impossible ...
381
00:32:50,230 --> 00:32:52,231
without the help
of the shuttle's arm.
382
00:32:54,485 --> 00:32:59,697
It is controlled from inside by
Swiss astronaut Claude Nicollier ...
383
00:32:59,865 --> 00:33:03,660
while Ken Bowersox,
the pilot, acts as lookout.
384
00:33:03,827 --> 00:33:05,912
Just keep coming up, Claude.
385
00:33:06,080 --> 00:33:09,707
- Stop. Stop.
- Brake's on.
386
00:33:10,376 --> 00:33:14,420
I'm not even pulling it, I'm just
coaxing it with my fingertips.
387
00:33:14,588 --> 00:33:18,925
The new wide-field planetary camera
will tell us more about the size ...
388
00:33:19,093 --> 00:33:22,595
of the universe and how
rapidly it is expanding.
389
00:33:22,763 --> 00:33:23,805
Here we go.
390
00:33:23,972 --> 00:33:27,266
The crew lifts it
up with great care.
391
00:33:27,434 --> 00:33:32,355
The tiniest bump could
damage its delicate parts.
392
00:33:37,444 --> 00:33:40,279
The astronaut teams
alternate each day ...
393
00:33:40,447 --> 00:33:44,200
spending up to six hours
in the cold vacuum outside.
394
00:33:44,368 --> 00:33:47,578
Okay, I'm gonna slip over. You've
got another foot to keep coming up.
395
00:33:47,746 --> 00:33:49,789
Keep coming up.
Coming up. Coming up.
396
00:33:49,957 --> 00:33:53,000
All of their tools must be
tethered to the workstation ...
397
00:33:53,168 --> 00:33:55,378
to keep them from floating
off into space.
398
00:33:55,546 --> 00:33:59,132
Endeavour, Houston for Story.
You've got a go to open the doors.
399
00:33:59,299 --> 00:34:01,217
Okay. Swing it.
400
00:34:04,513 --> 00:34:09,392
After five days of intensive work
and many dazzling accomplishments ...
401
00:34:09,560 --> 00:34:15,231
the astronauts are now ready to install
the critical corrective-optics package.
402
00:34:15,399 --> 00:34:17,984
It's a kind of contact lens ...
403
00:34:18,152 --> 00:34:21,654
designed to bring Hubble's
giant eye into focus.
404
00:34:21,822 --> 00:34:23,656
Pitch up a little.
405
00:34:23,824 --> 00:34:25,283
If it succeeds ...
406
00:34:25,451 --> 00:34:30,037
we will be able to look
back to the edge of time.
407
00:34:34,752 --> 00:34:36,002
Good work, guys.
408
00:34:36,170 --> 00:34:39,172
The service and repair
are now complete.
409
00:34:39,339 --> 00:34:42,341
The mission drew upon
every skill we have learned ...
410
00:34:42,509 --> 00:34:46,012
throughout three decades
of work in space.
411
00:34:47,431 --> 00:34:51,309
Whether repairing a telescope,
assembling a space station ...
412
00:34:51,477 --> 00:34:54,187
or building a base
on a distant planet ...
413
00:34:54,354 --> 00:34:57,732
we must rely upon the teamwork
of humans and machines ...
414
00:34:57,900 --> 00:35:03,696
if we are to succeed in this challenging
new environment away from Earth.
415
00:35:07,075 --> 00:35:09,660
Endeavour, you've
got a go for release.
416
00:35:34,394 --> 00:35:36,896
The Cape of Good Hope beneath it ...
417
00:35:37,064 --> 00:35:42,944
the space telescope is now poised
to begin a new era of exploration.
418
00:35:49,868 --> 00:35:52,078
One of the astonishing discoveries ...
419
00:35:52,246 --> 00:35:56,332
is a first close look at an
enormous and very unstable star ...
420
00:35:56,500 --> 00:35:58,626
we call Eta Carinae.
421
00:35:58,794 --> 00:36:02,630
Four million times more
luminous than our Sun ...
422
00:36:02,798 --> 00:36:06,884
its last outburst was seen in 1841.
423
00:36:07,052 --> 00:36:12,598
And now Hubble reveals that it has
blown two massive clouds into space.
424
00:36:12,766 --> 00:36:19,105
The clouds contain the heavy elements
essential for the creation of life.
425
00:36:20,148 --> 00:36:22,567
Now, in the heart
of the Orion Nebula ...
426
00:36:22,734 --> 00:36:25,486
Hubble reveals a stellar nursery.
427
00:36:25,654 --> 00:36:29,866
Gas and dust are condensing
here to create new stars.
428
00:36:30,033 --> 00:36:31,993
And even more astounding ...
429
00:36:32,160 --> 00:36:35,079
new planets are being born.
430
00:36:35,247 --> 00:36:40,293
Never before seen, the dark material
appears to be a new solar system ...
431
00:36:40,460 --> 00:36:43,588
forming around a young sun.
432
00:36:44,923 --> 00:36:50,595
Hubble has now provided evidence
that planets are common in the universe.
433
00:36:50,762 --> 00:36:53,931
Life may be widespread among them.
434
00:36:57,227 --> 00:37:00,813
Perhaps we will hear a signal.
435
00:37:04,484 --> 00:37:07,486
Our curiosity and
our need to progress ...
436
00:37:07,654 --> 00:37:09,488
compel us to move outward ...
437
00:37:09,656 --> 00:37:12,325
to explore the worlds
of our solar system ...
438
00:37:12,492 --> 00:37:16,162
our galaxy, and the
universe beyond.
439
00:37:16,330 --> 00:37:19,916
The distances are vast,
the voyage hazardous ...
440
00:37:20,417 --> 00:37:23,419
the destination daunting.
441
00:37:24,087 --> 00:37:26,964
Still, we choose to explore.
442
00:37:27,174 --> 00:37:28,424
What we discover ...
443
00:37:28,634 --> 00:37:32,595
will shape our destiny in space.
444
00:37:48,120 --> 00:37:57,720
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